Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

=Dutch Muslim Broadcasting Association - google

2008-04-03T23:20:00.000-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&client=firefox-a&channel=s&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&q=Dutch+Muslim+Broadcasting+Association+&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

=Creativecommons-licenses

2008-04-03T23:19:00.000-07:00

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/deed.eo

=Ata Khan

2008-04-03T23:12:00.000-07:00

http://www.smartmobs.com/2008/03/22/about-fitna-the-movie/

Ata Khan

Dear all,

It is very shockingly amazing to hear and read about the contents of a movie by a Dutch parlimentarian. I really feel very sorry for the fate of those voters who voted for such an idiot who rather than bridging the gap among the different cultures and religions of the world is rather spreading hatred in the world by twisting the facts.

The fact should not be forgotten that Mr. Wilders is using the EU `shoulder to fulfill his agendas to bring enemity between Muslims and Christians. What does he really want???

I would like to conclude on the yesterday’s report by Vatican that Muslims have outnumbered Catholics in the world and have become the biggest moajority of the world, may i ask why???

love and peace for all.

What is he getting out of it?

=Wikipedia - Fitna

2008-04-03T22:36:00.000-07:00

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitna_(film)

---

United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon issued a statement on March 28:

I condemn, in the strongest terms, the airing of Geert Wilders’ offensively anti-Islamic film. There is no justification for hate speech or incitement to violence. The right of free expression is not at stake here. I acknowledge the efforts of the Government of the Netherlands to stop the broadcast of this film, and appeal for calm to those understandably offended by it. Freedom must always be accompanied by social responsibility.

---

Fitna is a 2008 short film by Dutch parliamentarian Geert Wilders. The film explores Qur'anic motivations for terrorism, Islamic universalism, and Islam in the Netherlands. The film's title comes from the Arabic word fitna which is used to describe "disagreement and division among people", or a "test of faith in times of trial".^[1]

On March 27, 2008, Fitna was released to the Internet on the video sharing website Liveleak in Dutch and English versions. The following day, Liveleak removed the film from their servers citing serious threats to their staff. On March 30, Fitna was restored on Liveleak following a security upgrade, but was promptly removed by Wilders promising a second edition without the copyrighted Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons.

Release

The exact nature of Fitna's release had been uncertain up until its official launch. This was due to concerns of the legality of its content and anticipated acts of terrorism. The Dutch press centre Nieuwspoort offered to release the film, on the condition that Wilders would pay for the increased security required during the press conference and the weeks after it. Wilders declined to do so, citing prohibitive costs.^[2]^[3]

Having failed to successfully negotiate a transmission of the film with any Dutch television station^[4]^[5]^[6], Wilders created a website, www.fitnathemovie.com, on March 5, 2008 with the intention of releasing the film.^[7]^[8]^[9] However, this was subsequently suspended (see below).

On March 22, the Dutch Muslim Broadcasting Association (NMO) offered to air the film, on the proviso that it could be previewed for any possible illegal material and that Wilders would take part in a debate with proponents and opponents afterwards.^[10]^[11] Wilders declined, quoted as saying "No way, NMO."^[12]

Wilders released the film on March 27, 2008 at 7 p.m. CET on the video website Liveleak.^[13] The following day, Liveleak removed the film from their servers after receiving threats which they described as being "of a very serious nature".^[14]^[15]^[16] The film soon appeared on various BitTorrent and video sharing websites.^[17]

Liveleak reinstated Fitna on March 30, after security upgrades offering increased protection to its staff had been implemented.^[18] Soon after, Wilders withdrew the film^[19] to make some minor edits, such as removing the copyrighted Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons^[20] and the photograph of Salah Edin, a rapper wrongly identified as Mohammed Bouyeri, in response to lawsuits.^[21] Kurt Westergaard, the cartoonist, was pleased with the news and believed the lawsuit would be dropped.^[20]

Plot

The movie shows a selection of Suras from the Qur'an, interspersed with newspaper clippings and media clips^[22] with The Arabian Dance^[23] and Åses død^[24] as an underscore.

Themes

Wilders has said the 15-minute film will show how verses from the Qur'an are being used today to incite modern Muslims to behave violently and anti-democratically based on those verses.^[25]^[26]^[27] He later described the film as “a call to shake off the creeping tyranny of Islamization,”^[28] and a push for a Leitkultur, a culture that “draws on Christian, Jewish, humanistic traditions and that poses a challenge to the Islamic problem.”^[29]

The Qur'an and Terror

Wilders holds Qur'anic inspiration responsible for modern terror attacks, most notably the attacks of September 11 and the July 7 London bombings.^[30]

The movie starts with a warning to the viewer that the movie contains "very shocking images".^[31] The opening contains a cartoon from the Danish cartoonist Kurt Westergaard, showing the Islamic Prophet Muhammad with a bomb on his head. Next to it, a timer starts counting down from 15 minutes.^[32]

Suras are juxtaposed to video clips of Imams stating Islamic teaching, and videos of violent atrocities committed in the name of Islam, including major terrorist attacks.^[33]

The first Sura of the film, Al-Anfal verse 60^[8:60], is translated as:

"Prepare for them whatever force and cavalry ye are able of gathering, to strike terror, to strike terror into the hearts of the enemies, of Allah and your enemies."

Footage of the September 11 attacks are shown, followed by the Madrid train bombings. An unidentified Imam rises above the smoke and declares "Allah is happy when non-muslims get killed." Stills taken from the 7 July 2005 London bombings show an exploded bus and the underground train.

The next Sura, An-Nisa verse 56^[4:56], is shown as a justification for Islamic antisemitism. Sheikh Bakr Al-Samarai is shown raising a sword while declaring: "A Jew is hiding behind me, come and cut off his head. And we shall cut off his head! By Allah, we shall cut it off! Oh Jews! Allahu Akbar! Jihad for the sake of Allah!"^[34] An auditorium of several hundred people respond with approving chants and fist shaking.^[35]

Following this, a three year old Muslim girl, says that Jews are "apes and pigs"^[36] because "Allah" said so "in the Qur'an"^[37] in an interview on Iqraa TV.^[38] More antisemitism is shown by an unidentified Imam, who says: "The Jews are Jews. They are the ones who must be butchered and killed."^[39] Child soldiers are shown holding guns in uniform.

Sura 47, verse 4^[47:4] is shown in relation to the murder of Dutch film director Theo Van Gogh, committed by Mohammed Bouyeri. Bouyeri is reported as saying: "If I had the opportunity to get out of prison, and I had the opportunity to do it again, what I did on November 2nd, Allah I would have done exactly the same."^[40] Protesters are shown supporting Van Gogh's murder, warning others to heed the lesson or "pay with your blood".

Dutch newspaper headlines are reproduced, outlining intimidating threats of murder to prominent critics of Islam,^[41] followed by footage of Eugene Armstrong's beheading. Armstrong's decapitated head is shown held up by Al-Qaeda terrorists.^[42]^[43]^[44]

The Qur'an as a Means for Islamic Universalism

Ayatollah 'Ali Meshkini speaks at a Jumu'ah, declaring "Islam is a religion that wants to rule the world. It has done so before and eventually, will rule it again".^[45]

Sura 4, verse 89^[4:89] is heard, and translated here as:

"They but wish that ye should reject faith, as they do, and thus be on the same footing as they, so take not friends from their ranks until they flee in the way of Allah. But if they turn renegades, seize them and kill them wherever ye find them, and take no friends or helpers from their ranks."

This is shown through a Vox pop: "If someone converts to Christianity, he deserves the death penalty," which refers to the punishment of death for apostasy in Islam. An unidentified Imam declares: "Islam is (more) superior than the Jews, than the Christians, than the Buddhists, than the Hindus. The only (law) Allah accepts is Islam.^{[citation needed]}" A short video clip shows ethnic Albanians attacking a Serbian Orthodox Church in Kosovo during the 2004 unrest.^[46]

Headlines concerning assaults and death threats to former Muslims Ehsan Jami, Salman Rushdie and Hirsi Ali are shown.

The final Sura used in the film is Sura 8, verse 39^[8:39]:

"Fight them until there is no dissension, and the religion is entirely Allah's."^[41]

President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran is quoted as saying:

“

The message of the Revolution is global, and is not restricted to a specific place or time. Have no doubt... Allah willing, Islam will conquer what? It will conquer all the mountain tops of the world.^[47]

”

Ibrahim Mudeiris is seen speaking to a congregation. He says: "We have ruled the world before, and by Allah, the day will come when we will rule the entire world again! The day will come when we will rule America. The day will come when we rule Britain and the entire world!"^[48] Abdul Rahman Saleem speaks in English: "You will take over the USA! You will take over the UK! You will take over Europe! You will defeat them all! You will get victory! You will take over Egypt! We trust in Allah!"^[49] Demonstrators outside the Danish embassy to Britain are shown holding signs that read: "Islam will dominate the world" and "Freedom go to hell".^[50]^[51]

Islam and the Netherlands

Wilders uses footage of Islamist atrocities to depict a dystopian Netherlands ceded to Sharia Law and unable to prevent capital punishment for gay men or adulterous women, female genital mutilation, and child abuse.^[52]

The final segment of the film deals with issues related to Islam in the Netherlands, under the heading: "The Netherlands under the spell of Islam".^[53] These issues include Islamist opposition to democracy, Islamic views on homosexuality and women's treatment in Islam.^[54]

An unidentified person claims that "The mosque will be part of the system of the government of Holland", in an apparent refusal to accept liberal democracy. Wilders' political ambitions may be found more readily here, as shown through his use of juxtaposing a newspaper headline "Cabinet: no ban on burqa" against a Muslim woman fully covered up. A graph illustrating the number of Muslims in Holland since 1909 is shown against a background of Muslim women.^[55] Dutch police are shown removing their shoes before entering a mosque. A Dutch Muslim expresses his desire to enact an honor killing if his mother or sister commits zina, the Islamic concept of extramarital sex. Another condemns homosexuality, saying "Islam considers something like that a crime."

A postcard is shown, ostensibly from Holland, with pictures of mosques in place of visitor attractions, with the words "Groeten uit Nederland" (Greetings from The Netherlands) superimposed.^[56]

Audio recordings that are said to have been taken from mosques in Holland show Imams denouncing political parties, "worldly concepts like liberalism [and] democracy." Another states that adulterers must be "stoned" to death. A graphic image of gays being hanged, under Sharia law^[57] is a depiction of a possible future dystopian Holland. Children of Shia muslims are shown with blood covering their faces,^[55]^[58]^[59] having been cut with knives by older people as per the tradition of the Day of Ashura. A series of clips show female circumcision,^[60] a decapitated woman's head lying on a floor,^[61] and a woman dressed in a burqa being shot through the head by a man.^[62]

Finally, a succession of newspaper headlines are shown, containing stories related to Islam in the Netherlands, their views, actions, ambitions and politics.^[63] Some verified headlines are:

"Sudanese demand execution of British 'miss teddy bear'" (see Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case)
"Almost half of young Moroccans anti-western"^[64]
"Moroccans throw gay in water"^[65]
"Throw gays from tall buildings"^[66]
"Al-Qaeda proclaims death penalty Jihad against Wilders"^[67]

The movie ends with a hand seen gripping a page of the Qur'an and a call to action from Wilders to defeat “Islamist idealogy”, likening it to Communism and Nazism.^[68]^[63]

Suras

An-Nisa 56 translated here as: "Those who have disbelieved our signs, we shall roast them in fire. Whenever their skins are cooked to a turn, we shall substitute new skins for them, that they may feel the punishment; Verily Allah is sublime and wise."

Parts of the following Suras are mentioned in Fitna, in order of appearance^[69]

Sura	Title	Verse
8	Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)	60 ^[8:60]
4	An-Nisa (The Women)	56 ^[4:56]
47	Muhammad (Muhammad)	4 ^[47:4]
4	An-Nisa (The Women)	89 ^[4:89]
8	Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War)	39 ^[8:39]

Salah Edin

When referring to the murder of Theo van Gogh, a picture of the Dutch rapper Salah Edin is displayed instead of the murderer Mohammed Bouyeri.^[70]^[71]^[72] The picture was shot for the rapper's album 'Nederlands Grootste Nachtmerrie' (Netherlands' Worst Nightmare), which according to the singer's website, was shot to be 'exactly like the mugshot of convicted killer Mohamed B'.^[73] A 2007 article by Dutch newspaper De Dag had captioned an article about the killer with the shot. On that occasion, Salah Edin's received an out-of-court libel settlement for the publication.^[74] The photo was said by the rapper to be intended to depict "the way the average white Dutch citizen sees me, as a young Moroccan Muslim radical. That's why I chose to do this picture and use it for the front cover of my album. It is in no way supporting the deeds of Mohamed B".^[74]

Reaction prior to the release

It was feared that the film would lead to violent demonstrations by Muslims much like the organized protests against the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons that were published in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten in 2005.^[75] The Dutch counter-terrorism agency raised its terror risk level from "limited" to "substantial", fearing civil unrest and economic sanctions.^[76] Previous violence included the burning of the Danish embassy in Syria and other acts of violence around the world, including the murder of a Catholic nun.^[77]

In the Netherlands

The movie was first mentioned in the Dutch media on November 27, 2007. The Dutch government almost immediately expressed great concern about the film release.^[78] It made evacuation plans available to all its consulates and embassies worldwide, in case an emergency should arise in light of the forthcoming film, and it tightened security measurements around certain military installations abroad.^[79]

The Prime minister of the Netherlands, Jan Peter Balkenende, worried about possible repercussions for Dutch citizens and economic interests.^[80] In response Wilders accused Balkenende of capitulating to Islam.^[81]

Wilders had been warned by Dutch National Counterterrorism Co-ordinator Tjibbe Joustra that his film may "lead to reactions that endanger public order, security and the economy".^[82]

In one opinion poll, 54% of Dutch people still believed that the film should be released, despite any possible negative effects.^[83]

The publication of the film was investigated by the Dutch Ministry of Justice to find out whether the release of the film could be prevented, but this could not be done.^[84]

On March 6, 2008, the Dutch government raised its national terroristic threat level from the status 'limited terroristic threat' to 'substantial terroristic threat' because it fears Muslim terrorists will launch attacks against European targets, citing the film as justification.^[85]^[86]

Public protests have occurred on Dam Square, in Amsterdam, on March 22, 2008.^[87]

In response to concerns, Dutch broadcaster Radio Netherlands Worldwide created a multi-language website to detail the film, the surrounding controversy, its creator, and the nation of its origin.^[88] The Dutch newspaper De Pers printed a reconstruction of how the concerns came about and who was responsible for them.^[89]

The film also caused severe reactions in newspapers. In one issue of de Volkskrant, it stated that if Wilders had said the things he has said about Muslims, about Jews, he would have been prosecuted for antisemitism.^[90]

In other countries

The European Union alerted its diplomatic missions around the world to expect a reaction to the release of the film.^[91]

NATO said it feared that the consequences of Fitna would affect the safety of troops in Afghanistan.^[92] Indeed, Zabihullah Mujahid stressed that the Taliban would probably increase their attacks on Dutch military and humanitarian peacekeepers in Afghanistan, if the film were released.^[93]

Syria's Grand Mufti, Ahmad Badr al-Din, said that if Geert Wilders pictures the image of a burning Qur'an in his film, the Dutch people will be held responsible and possible attacks against Western public interests are not out of the question.^[94]

Wilders is the subject of a fatwa, associated with Al-Qaeda, calling upon Muslims to assassinate him in the name of Islam.^[67]^[95]^[96]

Iran has threatened to review its diplomatic stance with The Netherlands, should the film be aired.^[28] Public protests occurred in Kabul, Afghanistan.^[97]^[98] Egypt is closely monitoring the situation.^[99]

French President Nicolas Sarkozy officially declared that France would provide every necessary support to aid the Netherlands in the suppression of any Muslim violence that would result from Fitna's release.^[100]

Pakistan YouTube ban

In February 2008, Pakistan internally banned YouTube for several days due to a video clip one report claimed to be a trailer for Fitna. Google eventually complied with the Pakistani protest and the material was removed.^[101]^[102]^[103] As a result of the block, Pakistan accidentally caused YouTube to be unavailable worldwide for two hours.^[104]^[105]^[106]

Network Solutions website suspension

On March 5, 2008, a preliminary version of the movie's official website, fitnathemovie.com, was put online.^[107]^[108] The only page on the site consisted of a picture of the Qur'an accompanied by the text "Geert Wilders presents Fitna" and "Coming soon". On March 22, the hosting provider of the website, Network Solutions, replaced the page with a message stating that the company “is investigating whether the site's content is in violation of the Network Solutions Acceptable Use Policy.” and that “Network Solutions has received a number of complaints regarding this site that are under investigation.”^[109]^[110]^[111]

On March 24, Network Solutions issued a press release saying the company asked Wilders for a copy of the film to review to gauge compliance with the Acceptable Use Policy, and it was only after they received no response from Wilders that they suspended the website.^[112]^[113] Wilders responded saying he has other options available and his film will be made public before April 1.^[114] The shutdown was followed by extensive criticism of Network Solutions' alleged hypocrisy in hosting the domain of Hezbollah, an entity that the United States and the Netherlands (along with four other countries) designate as a terrorist organization.^[115]^[116]^[117]^[118] On March 26, Network Solutions shut down the hizbollah.org domain as well.^[110]

Reaction after the release

The reaction was partly mild in comparison with what was expected, with some Muslim delegates describing it as “not as jarring as anticipated”, saying they were “extremely relieved”.^[119]^[120] A worldwide violent reaction is not expected by several sources, in stark contrast with threats made by Islamic leaders in the months before the release of the film.^[121]^[122] However death threats did occur against Wilders and the company that hosted the film.

In the Netherlands

In a televised reaction following the release, Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands came with a reaction on behalf of the Dutch government.^[123]

Amongst other things, it stated:

"The film equates Islam with violence. We reject this interpretation. The vast majority of Muslims reject extremism and violence. In fact, the victims are often also Muslims... ...We therefore regret that Mr Wilders has released this film. We believe it serves no purpose other than to cause offence."^[123]

Dutch parliamentarians of the largest political parties, Pieter van Geel (CDA), Mariëtte Hamer (PvdA) and Mark Rutte (VVD) stated that it is sad that the film does not present any solutions to current problems in the Dutch society - integration of Muslim immigrants and Muslim extremism - and invited Mr. Wilders to discuss possible solutions in the parliament.^[124]. In a later parliamentary debate to discuss Balkenende's televised reaction, they expressed further opinions, calling the film 'cunningly made with evil intentions' (CDA), 'a message of fear beyond compare' (PvDA) and 'paranoid' (SP). Wilders was described as a 'political pyromaniac' (VVD) and a 'fearful man' (D66).^[125]

According to Der Spiegel, a speaker for the Muslim organization Contactorgaan Moslims en Overheid (CMO), Yusuf Altuntas, said that Wilders "is obviously looking to push the limits, but he resists crossing them." For instance, in the film a ripping sound overlaid with imagery of the Qur'an is said to be the ripping of a page from the phone book, and thunder sounds are replacing what might otherwise be perceived as bomb explosion sounds. The Arabic expert Leo Kwarten on the other hand is quoted to have said that "these subtleties may however be lost in the Arabic world."^[71]

The Centraal Joods Overleg (Central Jewish Committee) released a statement on 28 March 2008, condemning the film for reinforcing prejudices by implying that all Muslims are terrorists. The Committee said that the portrayal of Muslims in this manner is counterproductive, and that the Dutch Jewish community, along with the Dutch Muslim community and all of Dutch society, has a duty to combat all religious-based terrorrism, and to protect everyone against those who wish to overthrow democracy or promote religious hatred.^[126]^[127]

In other countries

United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon issued a statement on March 28:

I condemn, in the strongest terms, the airing of Geert Wilders’ offensively anti-Islamic film. There is no justification for hate speech or incitement to violence. The right of free expression is not at stake here. I acknowledge the efforts of the Government of the Netherlands to stop the broadcast of this film, and appeal for calm to those understandably offended by it. Freedom must always be accompanied by social responsibility.^[128]^[129]

The Grand Mufti of Kyrgyzstan denounced the film, saying that it defames Islam and the Qur'an. He urged Kyrgyzstan's Muslim population to counter the hostility of the film's release.^[130]

Singaporean deputy prime minister Wong Kan Seng said: "Freedom of expression does not give anyone the licence to insult another's religion or race."^[131]^[132]

Australia's minister for foreign affairs, Stephen Smith, "deplored" the film's release, saying that it is "an obvious attempt to generate discord between faith communities," and accused it of inciting racial hatred.^[133]

Middle East

The Algerian Minister for Religious Affairs said that Fitna is "a recurrent expression of the fascism which is abhorred by all cultures", and the country's imams have been ordered to denounce the film.^[134]

The Iranian minister Mohammad Ali Hosseini said that Fitna was "heinous" and blasphemous, and that its release "is indicative of the continuation of the evilness and deep vengeance such Western nationals have against Islam and Muslims."^[135]

The United Arab Emirates' foreign minister, Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, condemned the film as being critical and insulting to the Prophet Muhammed.^[136]

53 Jordanian parliamentarians have signed a petition, calling on Prime Minister Nader Dahabi to expel the Dutch ambassador and sever all diplomatic ties with Holland.^[137]^[138]

Pakistan has called for a discussion of the film at the next Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) summit.^[139] According to the APP, the country's official news agency, the Pakistani foreign minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi condemned Fitna as being anti-Islamic. He said that the film was part of a series of incitingly discriminatory actions against Islam, made by the Western media. Quereshi said that the Pakistani government, and its people, are highly sensitive towards such actions made in the name of freedom of expression.^[140] Outside the Karachi Press Club, an effigy of Wilders, and the Dutch flag, was burned in a protest.^[141]

In a speech to the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) on April 1, the ambassador and permanent representative of Pakistan to the United Nations, Masood Khan, said that the film is a 'blatant provocation', had 'distorted the message of the Holy Qur'an', is xenophobic and religiously intolerant. He called for the UNHRC to do more than condemn or adopt resolutions.^[142]. As such, a Pakistani-sponsored United Nations resolution calling for the monitoring of "abuse of the right of freedom of expression" was successfully passed. The measure was accepted after achieving the required number of votes from Islamic countries, while European countries and Canada abstained. On behalf of the OIC, Khan said that the resolution will require people to exercise their freedom of expression responsibly.^[143] This drew criticism from Reporters Without Borders, whose press statement read:

"The growing influence of Organisation of the Islamic Conference member states within the Human Rights Council is disturbing. All of the council’s decisions are nowadays determined by the interests of the Muslim countries or powerful states such as China or Russia that know how to surround themselves with allies."^[144]

The secretary-general of the OIC, Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, spoke of helping a co-ordinated strategy made by the Ummah, the diaspora of Muslims living in non-Muslim countries, to combat a campaign of defamaing Islam in the West.^[140] İhsanoğlu had previously condemned the film as "causing insult to the sentiments of more than 1.3 billion Muslims in the world," and that it was "a deliberate act of discrimination against Muslims".^[145]^[146]

In Qatar, the Dutch ambassador said that: "In Holland, we have full freedom of expression. There is absolutely no censorship. People are expected to behave responsibly and those who cross the limits will be accountable for their actions."^[147]

The Saudi Arabian embassy in The Hague called the film provocative and "full of errors", that could ultimately lead to hatred of Muslims.^[148]

In Yemen, the parliament condemned the film, calling it inflammatory, discriminatory towards Muslims, and promoting religious violence and hatred, whilst stressing the need to respect all religions, cultures, and civilizations without prejudice.^[149]

Southeast Asia

Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has banned Wilders from entering the country, and has prohibited the film from being broadcast.^[150]^[151] About 50 members of a hardline Muslim group demonstrated at the Dutch embassy in the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, throwing eggs and water bottles to the embassy compound,^[152]^[153] before being dispersed by riot police with water cannons.^[154]^[155] Protesters held signs saying "Death Sentence for Humiliating Islam", amid images of guns aimed at his head.^[156] and "Kill Geert Wilders"^[157] Indonesia has blocked access to Youtube,^[158] after its demand that copies of the film be removed from Youtube servers was not implemented.^[159]

According to the official news agency of the government of Indonesia, ANTARA, the Dutch ambassador Dr Nikolaos van Dam had sent a letter on April 1. In it, he says how Dutch society is one of peaceful co-existance, with respect for the law, which guarantees safety and freedom of speech and freedom of religion. He says that Holland has a tradition of respect, tolerance and responsibility, and that offending others is not part of that tradition. van Dam said that "the Dutch government will abide by its tradition, and calls upon everyone else to act in a similar spirit". van Dam also expresses his government's desire to remain in open contact with everyone who wishes pecaeful dialogue, to build a society "more firmly grounded in mutual understanding and respect". He says that there is an ongoing criminal investigation, which will determine whether a criminal offence has been committed.^[160]

On April 2, a Dutch consulate in the Indonesian city of Medan was the scene of a student protest. The Dutch national flag was torn from its pillar and burned, and about 50 students broke through the consulate gates.^[161]^[162]

Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, a member of the Cabinet of Malaysia government, has urged Muslim intellectuals and youths to "take advantage of their resourcefulness and skills which they had used against the establishment, this time to defend Islam" through the internet^[163]; a reference to when hackers defaced a governmental webpage in protest of a proposed ban on pornography.^[164]

The Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party, an opposition policial party, delivered a letter to the Dutch embassy warning that the film would "invite vengeance", and, along with former president Mahathir bin Mohamad, called for a worldwide Muslim boycott of Dutch goods. ^[165] bin Mohamad said: "If the world's 1.3 billion Muslims unite and say they won't buy, then it [the boycott] will be effective."^[131] The Muslim Consumers Association of Malaysia, the Consultative Council, and the Muslim Restaurants Association of Malaysia released a joint statement referring to Fitna as having "openly insulted the Quran", and called on Muslims to boycott Dutch goods.^[166] Malay supermarket Mydin has marked Dutch goods in red, indicating their country of origin.^[167]

Europe

The Norwegian government (Labour Party) sharply distanced itself from the movie.^[168] Secretary of state Raymond Johansen from the Norwegian Foreign Ministry said in a statement to the newspaper Dagsavisen that "Wilders attempts to promote a content which contributes to hatred and suspicion. I profoundly disagree with the content, and I sharply distance myself from it."^[169]

The European Union’s Slovenian president repudiated the film, commenting that it served “no other purpose than inflaming hatred”. The EU foreign ministers also condemned the film. “The film equates Islam with violence and this view is sharply rejected”, the ministers said in their statement, released after a meeting in Brdo, Slovenia.^[170] Europe’s highest human rights authority, the Strasbourg based Council of Europe, called the film “a distasteful manipulation which exploits ignorance, prejudice and fear”.^[171]

Kurt Westergaard, the cartoonist from one of the Jyllands-Posten cartoons of Muhammed, has expressed concerns because his cartoon is used in the film without his permission, a violation of copyright.^[172] The Danish Union of Journalists has said it will file a lawsuit on Westergaard's behalf as he is still in hiding from the death threats against him.^[173] Westergaard says his cartoon was aimed against Islamic terrorists, not against Islam as a religion.^[174] Similarly Dutch director Rob Muntz announced to file a lawsuit because of the uncredited use of his interview with Theo van Gogh.^[175] Westergaard drew a new cartoon showing Geert Wilders with a bomb on his head and a sign saying "Danger! Freedom of expression".^[176]

David Miliband, British Foreign Minister, announced his commitment to the “European values of freedom of speech” but said “in each of our countries” there are legal checks to ensure speech could not incite religious or racial hatred.^[177]

Shaykh Muhammad Imdad Hussain Pirzada, delivered a short lecture in Bradford, England on March 30, 2008 in which he responded to the film from an Islamic persective. The lecture was delivered in Urdu and has been released as a video with English subtitles on Shaykh Pirzada's website.^[178]

References

^ "Hold your breath: ‘Fitna' spreading seeds of hatred", Today's Zaman, 2008-03-29. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ "Wilders ziet af van persconferentie film", Partij voor de Vrijheid, 2008-03-12. Retrieved on 2008-03-12. (Dutch)
^ Film Wilders niet in Nieuwspoort. de Pers, Netherlands (2008-03-11). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Press Review 29 February 2008. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-02-29). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Dutch television stations refuse anti-Qur'an film. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-03-06). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Geen enkele omroep wil film Wilders uitzenden. de Volkskrant, Netherlands (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Wilders' film website goes online. de Volkskrant, Netherlands (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Dutch protest against Islam critic's Koran film. Reuters (2008-03-22). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Dutch draw on past crises to deal with Islam film Page 2, "As no broadcaster has agreed to show it, it is expected to be released on the Internet on March 28.". Reuters (2008-03-14). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Karadarevic, Ana. "Moslimomroep kandidaat voor Fitna", De Pers, 2008-03-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-28. (Dutch)
^ Wilders slaat aanbod moslimomroep af (Dutch). De Telegraaf, Nederland (2008-03-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ "Wilders: ,,No way, NMO", Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau, 2008-03-24. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Dutch lawmaker's film criticizing Islam finds Web host. CNN (2008-03-27). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Film critical of Islam dropped from Web site. CNN (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Threats push anti-Qur'an film Fitna offline. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Claburn, Thomas. "Anti-Islamic Film Taken Offline Following Threats", InformationWeek, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Shamah, David. "The fit over 'Fitna'", The Jerusalem Post, 2008-04-01. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ "Anti-Islam film back on LiveLeak website", Agence France-Presse, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2008-04-01. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Goodenough, Patrick. "YouTube Warned to Remove Koran Film", Cybercast News Service, 2008-04-02. Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ ^a ^b Sterling, Toby (2008-04-01). Dutch Lawmaker to Edit Anti-Quran Film. Associated Press. WTOP-FM. Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ "Far-right Dutch MP will fix errors in 'Fitna' - except its Islamophobia", Agence France-Presse, Daily Star, 2008-04-01. Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Blokker, Bas. "Fitna the Movie: not hyperbole or metaphor but repetition", NRC Handelsblad, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Schaerlaeckens, Leander. "'Fitna' premiere fails to shock", The Washington Times, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ "Film by Dutch Islam critic released online", Malaysia Sun, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ "Koranfilm Wilders heet 'het kwaad'", telegraaf.nl, 2008-02-09. Retrieved on 2008-03-08. (Dutch)
^ Murray, Douglas. "A film-maker who lives in the shadow of a fatwa", Spectator.co.uk, 2008-03-12. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ Nieuwsbrief Maart. Nieuwsbrief - Partij voor de Vrijheid (The PVV) mailing list (2008-03-11). Retrieved on 2008-03-11.
^ ^a ^b Park, Michael (2008-01-21). Iran Warns Netherlands Not to Air Controversial 'Anti-Muslim' Film. FOX News. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Traufetter, Gerald. "SPIEGEL Interview with Dutch Populist Geert Wilders: 'Moderate Islam Is a Contradiction'", Der Spiegel, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Sterling, Toby. "Dutch await reaction after MP releases film on Qur'an", Associated Press, The Guardian, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ van der Galien, Michael. "Explosive Dutch Koran Film Goes Online", Pajamas Media, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Mink, Junia. "Dutch Film Against Islam Posted on Web", eNews 2.0, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Crouch, Gregory. "Controversy as anti-Islam film spreads across internet", The Sydney Morning Herald, 2008-03-29. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Stalinsky, Steven (2008-04-04). Friday Sermons on Iraqi TV: October 2002 - March 2003. MEMRI. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Fendel, Hillel. "Arutz Sheva Posts Censored "Fitna" Movie Explaining Islam", Israel National News, 2008-03-30. Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ "Right-Wing Populist Wilders Releases Anti-Koran Film", Der Spiegel, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Arlandson, James (2005-01-26). Allah's special little apes and pigs. The American Thinker. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ 3-Year-old Egyptian Basmallah: Jews Are Apes and Pigs. memritv.org (2002-05-07). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Silverberg, Mark. "Why the Dutch are Wrong", International Analyst Network, 2008-03-30. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Browne, Anthony. "Muslim radical confesses to Van Gogh killing in court tirade", The Times, 2005-07-12. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ ^a ^b "NEWS ALERT: Christians Anxious As Fitna Film Is Posted Online", BosNewsLife News Agency, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ Militants in Iraq Behead U.S. Hostage and Threaten 2 Others. The New York Times (2004-09-20). Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Clip of Eugene Armstrong beheading (Google Video). Abu Musab al-Zarqawi (2007-05-20). Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Klausen, Jyette. "Taking a Cue from the Danish Cartoon Scandal", Der Spiegel, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ "Ayatollah Meshkini In A Friday Sermon in Qom: An Islamic Rule Under Ayatollah Sistani Is Required in", MEMRI, 2004-07-02. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ Persecution of Kosovo Christians Said to Reveal Larger Threat. Cybercast News Service (2005-08-15). Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Al-Awsat, Al-Sharq. "Iran's New President Glorifies Martyrdom", MEMRI, 2005-06-29. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Fendel, Hillel. "Arutz Sheva Posts Censored "Fitna" Movie Explaining Islam", Israel National News, 2008-03-30. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Kimery, Anthony. "Web Host Bans Film on Islamists", Homeland Security Today, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ "Cartoon protests hit UK", The Sun, 2006-02-03. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Cartoon protest slogans condemned. BBC (2006-02-05). Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Thomasson, Emma. "Dutch MP launches anti-Koran film on Internet - party", Reuters, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ Brea, Jennifer. "Dutch Politician Releases Anti-Quran Film Online", About.com, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Sterling, Toby. "Muslims Denounce Film Critizing Islam", Associated Press, 2008-03-29. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ ^a ^b "Anti-Islam Movie Fitna Leaked Online", HULIQ, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ Traufetter, Gerald. "Wilders Sparks Political Protest", Der Spiegel, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Public execution for the teenagers convicted of rape. The Times, London (2005-07-22). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ "Dutch politician releases film on the internet attacking Islam", Daily Mail, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Thomasson, Emma. "Dutch MP launches anti-Koran film online", Reuters, Scientific American, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "Dutch MP posts anti-Islam film", News Limited, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ "Dutch Quran film website shut down", Al Jazeera English, 2008-03-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Moore, Molly. "Online, a Violent View of Islam", Washington Post, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ ^a ^b Simone, Samira. "Dutch lawmaker's film criticizing Islam finds Web host", CNN, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Bijna helft jonge Marokkanen antiwesters. De Volkskrant, Nederland (2006-06-14). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Marokkanen gooien homo in het water. De Telegraaf, Nederland (2007-05-25). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Islam-gids: 'Gooi homo's van hoge gebouwen'. De Volkskrant, Nederland (2004-04-22). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ ^a ^b Wilders death threats confirmed. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-02-27). Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Steen, Michael. "Dutch MP releases anti-Koran film", Financial Times, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ El-Buri, Rehab. "Uproar Over Anti-Islam Film Falls Flat", ABC News, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-29.
^ Bieslog - DE film (2) (Dutch). VPRO (2008-03-27). Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ ^a ^b Traufetter, Gerald. "Koranfeindliches Video veröffentlicht - Protest gegen Rechtspopulist Wilders", Der Spiegel, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. (German)
^ Al-Tahawy, Amira; Sandels, Alexandra; Barotta, Rita; Van Langendonck, Gert. "Fitna, Much ado about nothing?", Menassat, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Lagendijk, Robert. "Salah Edin legt toch eed af in treinkrant DAG", VPRO, 2007-05-10. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. (Dutch)
^ ^a ^b "News" – page on Salah Edin's website.
^ Embassies burn in cartoon protest. BBC (2006-02-04). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Thomasson, Emma. "Dutch raise threat level ahead of anti-Koran film", Reuters, 2008-03-06. Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Caldwell, Christopher. "In defence of the right to offend", Financial Times, 2008-01-26. Retrieved on 2008-01-27.
^ Jansen, Paul. "Provocerende film Wilders", De Telegraaf, 2007-11-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-22. (Dutch)
^ de Jong, Perro (2008-01-23). Wilders and his film worry Dutch expats. NowPublic. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Tran, Mark (2008-03-03). Dutch government could ban anti-Islam film. The Guardian. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Wilders: Premier is beroepslafaard (Dutch). elsevier.nl (2008-02-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Dutch MP warned over Islam film. BBC News (2008-01-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Dutch want Koran film shown but fear reactions: poll. Reuters (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Pipes, Daniel (2007-12-29). Will Geert Wilders Show His Film on the Koran?. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Nederland vreest aanslagen wegens film Wilders (Dutch). hln.be (2008-03-06). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ "Dutch Raise Terror Threat Level After Film Stokes Muslim Hostility", dw-world.de, 2008-03-07. Retrieved on 2008-03-09.
^ Dutch protest against Islam film. BBC (2008-03-22). Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ About Fitna The Movie. Radio Netherlands Worldwide. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ Reconstructie van Fitna-gate. Dutch. De Pers (2008-03-03). Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "Advertentie tegen Wilders op voorpagina Volkskrant", NRC Handelsblad, 2008-03-17. Retrieved on 2008-03-28. (Dutch)
^ EU braces for outrage over Dutch lawmaker's anti-Koran film. The Associated Press (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-03-25.
^ Nato fears over Dutch Islam film. BBC (2008-03-03). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Taliban threatens attacks because of Wilders film. Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau. Expatica News (2008-02-28). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Geert Wilders Fitna Movie Timeline. FeceOnAir.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Jihad tegen Wilders (Dutch). De Telegraaf, Netherlands (2008-02-27). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ 'Al Qaeda Fatwa against MP Wilders'. NIS News Bulletin (2008-02-28). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Masood, Ahmad. "Afghans chant death in cartoon protest", Reuters, 2008-03-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ "Afghans protest Danish cartoons", Press TV, 2008-03-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ Egypt 'monitoring attacks on Islam ahead of Dutch TV film'. Agence France-Presse. Google (2008-02-22). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Frankrijk belooft Nederland steun na Wilders-film (Dutch). hln.be (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Pakistan blocks YouTube website. BBC (2008-02-24). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Pakistan lifts the ban on YouTube. BBC (2008-02-26). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ Waterman, Shaun (2008-02-26). Pakistan unblocks YouTube after video goes. United Press International. Middle East Times.
^ Pakistan move knocked out YouTube. CNN (2008-02-05). Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
^ "Pakistan's YouTube ban briefly affected global access", Agence France-Presse, Inquirer.net, 2008-02-26. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ YouTube Hijacking: A RIPE NCC RIS case study. RIPE (2008-02-28). Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Dutch want Koran film shown but fear reactions: poll. Reuters (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Wilders' film website goes online. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-03-05). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Web host suspends site planned for anti-Koran film. Reuters. Yahoo! News (2008-03-22). Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ ^a ^b Krebs, Brian. "Network Solutions Pre-Censors Anti-Islam Site", Washington Post, 2008-03-23. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ "Web site for Dutch anti-Quran film suspended by host", Associated Press, International Herald Tribune, 2008-03-22. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ "Network Solutions’ Statement Regarding the Suspension of Fitnathemovie.com", Network Solutions, 2008-03-24. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ Rosencrance, Linda. "Network Solutions suspends anti-Islamist film Web site", Computerworld, 2008-03-25. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ Network Solutions wants to see the film. Retrieved on 2008-03-26.
^ US: Hizbolla - yes, Wilders - no. The Avid Editor’s Insights. EuropeNews (2008-03-23). Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
^ Annual Report 2004. Netherlands General intelligence and security service (2005-01-01). Retrieved on 2008-03-25.
^ Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs). United States Department of State (2005-10-11). Retrieved on 2006-07-16. "Current List of Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations ... 14. Hizballah (Party of God)".
^ Krebs, Brian. "Network Solutions Pre-Censors Anti-Islam Site", Washington Post, 2008-03-23. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Sterling, Toby. "Dutch Lawmaker Releases Anti-Quran Film", Associated Press, Google News, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "'Fitna' within the law, says Muslim group", DutchNews.nl, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "First Reactions to Dutch Anti-Quran Film Are Muted", Fox News Channel, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "Moderate response to anti-Islam movie", Radio Netherlands Worldwide, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ ^a ^b "(Dutch) Government's reaction to Wilders' film", Ministry of General Affairs, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ "Fitna is released, how does the Netherlands and the world react?", Nova, NOS Vara, 2008-03-27. Retrieved on 2008-03-27. (Dutch)
^ "Fel Kamerdebat over film Wilders". (Dutch)
^ Verklaring Centraal Joods Overleg over de film FITNA (Dutch). Centraal Joods Overleg, the Netherlands (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Dutch Jews louder than Muslims in condemning 'Fitna' film. Haaretz, Israel (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ "NO JUSTIFICATION FOR HATE SPEECH OR INCITEMENT, SAYS SECRETARY-GENERAL; IN STRONG CONDEMNATION OF ‘ANTI-ISLAMIC’ FILM", UN News Centre, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Krauskopf, Lewis. "U.N.'s Ban condemns Dutch film as anti-Islamic", Reuters, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ Kyrgyz grand Mufti condemns anti-Islam film. Mathaba (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ ^a ^b Malaysia's Mahathir says Muslims 'annoyed' by Dutch film. Agence France-Presse (2008-03-29). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Singapore joins Fitna condemnation. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (2008-03-29). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Australia denounces anti-Islam film. The Age (2008-03-30). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Algerians join international outrage over "Fitna" film. Magharebia (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Iran condemns "heinous" Dutch Koran film. Reuters (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ World leaders criticise Dutch anti-Koran film. The Sun (Malaysia) (2008-03-30). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Jordan slams Dutch MP's Islam film. Agence France Presse (2008-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Jordanian MPs demand cutting ties with Netherlands to protest Dutch film. International Herald Tribune (2008-03-30). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ "Pakistan summons Dutch ambassador", Radio Netherlands Worldwide, 2008-03-05. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ ^a ^b OIC Secretary General meets foreign minister; commends Pakistan’s role at OIC. Associated Press of Pakistan (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Dutch security raised in Pakistan after anti-Islam film: official. Agence France-Presse (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Pakistan strongly condemns Dutch documentary. Associated Press of Pakistan (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ West and Muslims Clash on Free Speech. Associated Press (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ UN Human Rights Council turns special rapporteur on free expression into prosecutor. Reporters Without Borders (2008-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Muslims condemn Dutch lawmaker's film. CNN. Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Statement by H.E. Professor Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, Secretary General of the Organization of the Islamic Conference on the release of the blasphemous documentary film “"Fitna"”. Organisation of the Islamic Conference (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ K T Chacko (2008-04-02). Dutch MP may face charges over anti-Islam film. Gulf Times. Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Muslim nations condemn Dutch Koran film. Reuters (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Fares Anam (2008-04-01). Anti-Quran film deepens chasm between East and West. Yemeni Observer. Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Indonesia bans Dutch filmmaker, warns against violent protest. Agence France Presse (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Indonesian president urges calm over Dutch film. Reuters (2008-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Nathalia, Telly. "Muslim hardliners in Indonesia rally over Dutch film", Reuters, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ "Dutch MP's film angers Indonesia", BBC, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Gottlieb, Sebastiaan. "Islamic countries want Dutch to ban Wilders movie", Radio Netherlands Worldwide, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ "Indonesian Muslims protest anti-Islam film by Dutch legislator", The Canadian Press, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31.
^ Controversial cartoon cut from Dutch MP's film on Islam. The Guardian, London (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Muslims Protest against Wilders' Film (Photo Gallery). Deutsche Presse-Agentur. Der Spiegel (2008-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Indonesia seeks to block YouTube over anti-Koran film. Reuters (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ "Indonesian threatens to block YouTube access over anti-Muslim film", Associated Press, International Herald Tribune, 2008-04-01. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Dutch government rejects the film "Fitna". ANTARA (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Dutch consulate damaged in Indonesia protests. CNN (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Indonesia seeks to block YouTube over anti-Koran film (Update 3). Reuters (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Boycott Dutch products, say consumer groups. The Star (Malaysia) (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Indonesian ministry Web site hacked over porn ban. Reuters (2008-03-28). Retrieved on 2008-04-03.
^ Malaysian Party Urges Dutch Boycott. Associated Press (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Malaysian supermarket chain marks Dutch products red to protest anti-Islam film. International Herald Tribune (2008-04-01). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Malaysian supermarket chain marks Dutch products red to protest anti-Islam film. Associated Press. Yahoo News (2008-04-02). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.
^ Dalen, Astrid. "Wilders' anti-islamfilm fjernet i natt" (online edition), Oslo, Norway: Aftenposten, March 29, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-03-29. (Norwegian) "Også den norske regjeringen tar skarp avstand fra den anti-islamske filmen."
^ Hanssen, Sturla Smári and Selmer, Erik R.. "Norge tar avstand fra islamfilm" (online edition), Oslo, Norway: Dagsavisen, March 29, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-03-29. (Norwegian)
^ "EU foreign ministers condemn Dutch film on Islam", EurActiv.com, 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-03-31. .
^ ul-Awwal, Rabi. "Anti-Islam film assailed widely", dawn.com, 2008-03-29. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ "Journalistforbund hjælper Westergaard", Ritzau, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-28. (Danish)
^ Moore, Matthew; Waterfield, Bruno; Clements, Joan. "Danish cartoonist to sue Dutch MP over anti-Islamic film", The Daily Telegraph, 2008-03-29. Retrieved on 2008-03-28.
^ McLaughlin, Kim. "Danish Prophet cartoonist says has no regrets", Reuters, 2008-03-26. Retrieved on 2008-03-27.
^ Tran, Can. "After The Release of Fitna, Wilders Faces Numerous Lawsuits", Digital Journal, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
^ Peters, J.. "Westergaard tekent Wilders", 2008-03-31. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Theodoulou, Michael. "Britain drawn into controversy over anti-Islam video by Geert Wilders", The Times, 2008-03-28. Retrieved on 2008-04-01.
^ Shaykh Pirzada responds to Geert Wilders' FITNA (Video) (Urdu) (2008-03-30). Retrieved on 2008-04-02.

External links

Original official website of Fitna (currently suspended)
Original Dutch and English versions of Fitna at LiveLeak (temporarily removed for editing)
Fitna at Wikileaks

[show] v • d • e Controversies related to Islam and Muslims
Criticism	Islam • Quran • Islamism
Issues	Apostasy • Dhimmi • Eurabia • Antisemitism • Islamism • Terrorism • Islamophobia • Qutbism • Persecution of Muslims • Women in Muslim societies
Notable critics	Afshin Ellian • Ayaan Hirsi Ali • Ahmad Kasravi • Daniel Pipes • Irshad Manji • Ibn Warraq • Philippe de Villiers • Robert Spencer • Theo van Gogh • Geert Wilders
Muslims	List of Guantánamo Bay detainees • Moazzam Begg • Osama bin Laden
Events since 2001	September 11, 2001 attacks • Guantanamo Bay detention camp • Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons • Qur'an desecration controversy • 2005 beheadings of Christian girls • CPT hostage crisis • Fox journalists kidnapping • Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse • Egyptian ID card controversy • Flying Imams controversy • 2005 Cronulla riots • French headscarf ban • Imam Rapito • Knighthood of Salman Rushdie • Pope Benedict XVI controversy • Lars Vilks Muhammad drawings • Fitna (film)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitna_%28film%29"

= United Nations Resolution,fitna - google

2008-04-03T22:20:00.000-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&client=firefox-a&channel=s&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&q=United+Nation+Resolution%2C+fitna&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

United Nations Resolution,fitna - google

=PM Jan Peter Balkenend,fitna - google

2008-04-03T22:19:00.000-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&client=firefox-a&channel=s&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&q=PM+Jan+Peter+Balkenend%2C+fitna&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

PM Jan Peter Balkenend, fitna - google

=MUI Menyanyangkan & Menyesalkan Film Fitna

2008-04-03T22:17:00.000-07:00

http://www.mui.or.id/mui_in/news.php?id=283

Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) sangat menyayangkan & meyesalkan dengan keluarnya film "Fitna". Karena hal itu melukai umat muslim di dunia yang jumlahnya 1 miliar lebih. "Mereka menghina Islam karena mereka tidak memahami Islam dengan benar". Ayat Al-Qur'an yang mereka sitir dalam film tersebut adalah ayat-ayat jihad di dalam perang bukan ayat-ayat damai, sehingga sangat tidak tepat", kata Ketua MUI, KH. Ma'ruf Amin hari ini (29/03).

Ma'ruf menyatakan memang ada sebagian kelompok kecil umat Islam yang seperti itu (radikal) dan itu bukan representasi dari Islam secara keseluruhan. "Mereka itu menganggap kelompok kecil tadi sebagai kesimpulan dari representasi umat Islam. Padahal hal itu keliru", katanya. Ketika disinggung mengenai kebebasan, Ma'ruf menyatakan bahwa kebebasan dalam masalah lokal boleh-boleh saja, namun ketika kebebasan itu melukai orang lain hal itu tidak diperbolehkan.

Film berdurasi 15 menit yang dibuat oleh Geert Wilders, anggota parlemen dari Freedom Party (Partai Kebebasan) Belanda ini di release Jum'at kemarin. Mereka menampilkan 4 ayat Al-Qur'an di dalam film mereka, yaitu : QS Al Anfaal(8):60, QS An Nisaa'(4):56, QS An Nisaa'(4):89 dan QS Muhammad(47):4. Sebagai informasi, dunia Barat bukan pertama kalinya menghina umat Islam, sebelumnya mereka juga pernah memuat gambar karikatur nabi Muhammad di dalam majalah beberapa kali.

Sehubungan dengan dikeluanrnya film tersebut, langkah yang akan ditempuh MUI adalah :

Memprotes film tersebut. Umat Islam boleh marah, tetapi jangan sampai menimbulkan chaos dan anarkis.
Meminta pemerintah Indonesia untuk menghentikan beredarnya film tersebut dengan cara mem-blok situs-situs yang memuat film tersebut.
Mengubah paradigma dunia barat tentang kekebasan tanpa batas.
Mengajak umat beragama lain saling menghormati terhadap pemeluknya.

Penulis : Jvpr
Sumber : Sekretariat MUI

=RI Kecam Film Fitna yang Menghina Agama

2008-04-03T22:14:00.002-07:00

http://www.mui.or.id/mui_in/news.php?id=284

PEMERINTAH Indonesia menilai film Fitna sangat berbau rasis dan merupakan tindakan yang sangat tidak bertanggung jawab dan bersembunyi di balik kebebasan pers. ’’Pemerintah RI mengecam keras tindakan provokasi yang menghina agama dan umat Islam,” tutur Juru Bicara Departemen Luar Negeri RI Kristiarto Soeryo Legowo pagi tadi.

Menurut Pemerintah RI, tindakan itu jelas bertentangan dengan berbagai upaya Indonesia, baik pada tingkat nasional maupun internasional, untuk memajukan dialog antaragama berdasarkan harmoni dan toleransi. Sementara itu, kecaman dari dalam dan luar negeri terhadap film anti-Islam garapan anggota parlemen Belanda, Geert Wilders, ini semakin keras menyusul penampilan PM Jan Peter Balkenende di televisi yang menjelaskan sikap pemerintah Belanda karena menyesalkan film itu. Balkenende yang berbicara tak lama setelah film itu, yang mengaitkan aksi para teroris dengan para ekstremis Islam dan ayat-ayat Alquran, ini disiarkan pada situs internet www.liveleak.com pada Kamis malam (28/3). Uni Eropa (UE) juga mengutuk film itu. Pernyataan Presiden UE yang kini dipegang Slovenia menyebut film tersebut tidak membawa manfaat apa pun selain mengobarkan kebencian.

=Website MUI

2008-04-03T22:14:00.001-07:00

http://www.mui.or.id/mui_in/index.php

MUI

=Fitna,MUI _ Google

2008-04-03T22:12:00.002-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&client=firefox-a&channel=s&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&q=fitna%2C+MUI&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

Fitna,MUI - google

=PM Belanda Tolak Film anti Islam

2008-04-03T22:12:00.001-07:00

http://www.detiknews.com/index.php/detik.read/tahun/2008/bulan/03/tgl/28/time/050837/idnews/914620/idkanal/10

=Islam didiskreditkan media dunia, PBB Keluarkan Resolusi

2008-04-03T22:09:00.000-07:00

http://www.detiknews.com/index.php/detik.read/tahun/2008/bulan/03/tgl/28/time/013035/idnews/914605/idkanal/10

=Islamic Council of Europe's 'A model of an Islamic Constitution'

2008-04-02T20:10:00.000-07:00

http://www.salaam.co.uk/knowledge/muslim_community.php

For the Record
The section provides access to key documents prepared by Muslims - individuals and institutions - in Britain since the 1970s. They convey some of the creative buzz that has been - and continues to be - a feature of Muslim life, particularly in London. The documents deserve to be remembered and read again because they serve as a record of the revivalist tradition and also a foundation for new endeavours. Suggestions are invited from the Salaam community on material to be included in this PRO (Public Records Office) -

email info@salaam.co.uk

=Islamic Council of Europe,website - google

2008-04-02T20:02:00.000-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&q=+Islamic+Council+of+Europe+&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

Islamic Council of Europe,website - google

Tips: Telusuri halaman berbahasa Indonesia saja. Anda dapat menentukan bahasa penelusuran pada Preferensi

MCB
Islamic Computing Centre, London. Islamic Council of Europe, London. Islamic Culture and Education Centre, London, www.islamicculturalcentre.co.uk ...www.mcb.org.uk/affiliates.php - 129k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

Salaam Knowledge
The Islamic Council of Europe (inaugurated in London in 1973) under the stewardship of the Saudi-Egyptian diplomat Salem Azzam, established a unique network ...www.salaam.co.uk/knowledge/muslim_community.php - 23k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

DPI NGO Section
ISLAMIC COUNCIL OF EUROPE. Address: c/o The Islamic Texts Society 22A Brookland Ave. Cambridge CB2 2DQ UNITED KINGDOM. Telephone: 44 71 235 9832 ...www.un.org/dpi/ngosection/asp/form.asp?RegID=all&CnID=all&AcID=-1&kw=&NGOID=670 - 289k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

Council for European Studies
The Institutionalization of Islam in Europe: A Case Study of Italy .... or Islamic Council of Italy) and submitted a joint proposal of agreement to the ...www.europanet.org/pub/Silvestri_sep05.html - Halaman sejenis
For the Press Press homepage Contacts Accreditations Diaries The ...
HOME · SEARCH · CONTACT US · EMPLOYMENT · MULTIMEDIA · INTRANET · LANGUAGE · English portal · Portail français · Deutsches Portal · Русский портал ...www.coe.int/T/DC/Press/WCD/AllPR_en.asp - 17k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

The Council Of European Jamaats - Home
Khums is an important pillar of the Islamic economic system and an ... Health improvement board (HIB) is a part of the Council of European Jama’ats which is ...www.coej.org/ - 42k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

European Council for Fatwa and Research - Wikipedia, the free ...
bringing together Islamic scholars who live in Europe ... The Journal also reported that "the council is part of a web of organizations that spread ideology ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Council_for_Fatwa_and_Research - 29k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

Trend News : Council of Europe Criticizes Anti-Islamic Video by ...
Council of Europe Criticizes Anti-Islamic Video by Dutch Director Council of Europe Criticizes Anti-Islamic Video by Dutch Director 29.03.08 11:43 ...news.trend.az/index.shtml?show=news&newsid=1163994&lang=EN - 67k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis
Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Islam » Blog Archive » PIAGAM HAK ASASI ...
Perisytiharan ini juga merupakan dokumen solidariti kedua yang dikeluarkan oleh Islamic Council of Europe selepas dokumen pertama, iaitu Universal Islamic ...www.islamichumanrights.com/20070709/piagam-hak-asasi-barat-dan-islam/ - 36k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

Post-Darwinist: So THAT'S why the Council of Europe thinks ...
3 Mar 2008 ... I followed the Council of Europe's debate and did not come to the conclusion that they were responding to specifically Islamic notions of ...post-darwinist.blogspot.com/2008/03/so-thats-why-council-of-europe-thinks.html - 58k - Tembolok - Halaman sejenis

= Address: ISLAMIC COUNCIL OF EUROPE

2008-04-02T19:58:00.000-07:00

http://www.un.org/dpi/ngosection/asp/form.asp?RegID=all&CnID=all&AcID=-1&kw=&NGOID=670

Name:ISLAMIC COUNCIL OF EUROPE
Address:c/o The Islamic Texts Society 22A Brookland Ave. Cambridge CB2 2DQUNITED KINGDOM
Telephone: 44 71 235 9832Fax: 44 71 823 1590E-mail: WEB Address:
Assosiation: Other NGOs associated with DPI
Main Activity: Human Rights

= Islamic Council of Europe = google

2008-04-02T19:55:00.000-07:00

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&q=+Islamic+Council+of+Europe+&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

Islamic Council of Europe - google

= Islamic human rights

2008-04-02T19:34:00.002-07:00

http://www.islamichumanrights.com/20070709/piagam-hak-asasi-barat-dan-islam/

Filed under Pak Abu Menulis

Kelahiran The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Sebagai satu instrumen, PBB yang baru ditubuhkan 24 Oktober 1945 telah meluluskan satu perisytiharan hak asasi manusia yang dinamakan The Universal Declaration of Human Rights atau UDHR.
UDHR telah diluluskan oleh Perhimpunan Agung PBB dengan Resolusi A/RES/217 pada 10 Disember 1948 di Palais de Chaillot, Paris, Perancis. UDHR mengandungi 30 artikel yang menggariskan pandangan PBB (dibaca: pihak yang menang Perang Dunia II) sebagai hak-hak manusia sejagat.
Bekas wanita pertama Amerika, Eleanor Roosevelt yang menjadi anggota surahanjaya menderafkan perisytiharan itu menegaskan bahawa UDHR bukan semata-mata satu perjanjian, bahkan pada masa hadapan, ia akan menjadi satu Magna Carta di peringkat antarabangsa.
Eleanor Roosevelt kemudian dilantik menjadi pengerusi pertama Suruhanjaya Hak Asasi Manusia PBB.

Kedudukan Negara Umat Islam
Semasa UDHR diluluskan oleh PBB, sebahagian besar negara umat Islam masih dibelenggu dengan penjajahan kuasa-kuasa Barat. Dengan itu, walaupun selepas merdeka, tidak banyak negara-negara itu yang meratifikasi UDHR.
Curiga dan masih bersengketa dengan kuasa-kuasa Barat adalah salah satu daripada sebab kenapa UDHR tidak diterima oleh mereka. Selain itu, rekod buruk hak asasi negara-negara umat Islam terhadap rakyat sendiri, sama ada yang sudah merdeka mahupun yang masih dijajah, menjadi sebab utama kenapa UDHR tidak diterima oleh mereka.
Negara dalam kategori ini termasuklah Malaya yang ketika itu sedang menguatkuasakan undang-undang penahanan tanpa bicara di bawah Ordinan Darurat 1948.
Kemunculan UDHR seakan-akan diterima sepi oleh negara-negara umat Islam yang pada keseluruhannya dikuasai sama ada oleh golongan sekular-nasionalis, golongan pewaris kuasa kolonial, rejim diktator mahupun dinasti monarki mutlak. Pemerintah-pemerintah ini pada umumnya berselindung di sebalik Islam dengan mengatakan UDHR tidak selaras atau bertentangan dengan Islam.

Respons terhadap Piagam Hak Asasi Manusia
Usaha secara intelektual, sistematik dan lantang sebagai respons terhadap UDHR hanya dilakukan di kalangan pemikir daripada gerakan Islam di India-Pakistan.
Ulama’ dan pemikir-pemikir dari dunia Arab agak tidak ke hadapan dalam menangani isu hak asasi manusia dalam konteks sistem, struktur dan proses politik moden; demokrasi, perlembagaan dan negara-bangsa (nation-state). Jika ada pun, ketika itu pemikir dan ahli-ahli akademik di dunia Arab masih bercakap hak dan tanggungjawab dari perspektif sempit bidang-bidang fiqh yang sudah pun lama tidak berkembang.

Jika ada pun, persoalan hak asasi moden di dunia Arab, sekali lagi dirintis oleh gerakan Islam, khasnya oleh Ikhwan Muslimin. Namun, persoalan hak asasi yang diperjuangkan seperti apa yang digariskan oleh Hasan Al-Banna dan kemudiaannya oleh Abdul Qadir Awdah dan Sayyid Qutb, di segi falsafah dan konsepnya masih belum menyentuh persoalan hak-hak asasi dalam konteks sistem, struktur dan proses politik sebuah negara-bangsa.
Walau bagaimanapun, asas-asas pemikiran Hasan Al-Banna, Abdul Qadir Awdah dan Sayyid Qutb tentang sistem politik, perundangan dan hak-hak manusia yang mesti dipertahankan demi menegakkan keadilan telah menjadi asas bagi perkembangan pemikiran tentang persoalan hak asasi manusia yang lebih menyeluruh pada tempoh berikutnya.

Hanya pemikir dan ulama’ dari India-Pakistan sahaja pada masa itu yang agak ke hadapan dalam membicarakan persoalan hak asasi manusia dalam konteks negara-bangsa yang berperlembagaan. Perintis paling terkemuka mengupas persoalan hak asasi manusia adalah pemimpin gerakan dan parti politik Islam, Jamaati Islami iatu Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi.
Dalam ucapan-ucapannya di Radio Pakistan, Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi mengupas perbezaan di antara falsafah dan konsep hak asasi manusia yang ditaja oleh PBB berdasarkan UDHR berbanding Islam.

Pemikiran Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi
Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi telah menggariskan prinsip-prinsip hak asasi yang terkandung dalam Al-Quran, As-Sunnah dan amalan khulafa’ rasyidun dalam satu risalah kecil yang diterjemahkan dalam Bahasa Inggeris dan disebarkan ke dunia Barat berjodol Human Rights in Islam yang menjadi rujukan utama dalam persoalan hak asasi manusia dari pandangan Islam.
Politik perlembagaan, sistem kehakiman dan kesesuaian atau tidak demokrasi dengan Islam menjadikan perbahasan dan penyelidikan tentang hak asasi manusia tumbuh subur di kalangan ulama’ dan ahli-ahli akademik dalam negara baru Pakistan.
Langkah pemerintah untuk menahan rakyat tanpa bicara yang hendak diterapkan dalam perlembagaan Pakistan sekitar tahun 1950an juga menjadikan wacana dan debat tentang hak asasi manusia semakin rancak di Pakistan.

Pelarian Politik Gerakan Islam di Barat
Seiring dengan perkembangan di India dan Pakistan, pada tahun 1960an, para pelarian politik dari negara-negara Arab yang diburu oleh rejim-rejim kejam khususnya Mesir, Jordan, Iraq dan Syria telah bergiat aktif mengasaskan pertubuhan-pertubuhan Islam di Eropah dan Amerika Utara. Berinteraksi dengan sistem, struktur dan proses demokrasi-liberal telah memaksa mereka meneliti persoalan hak asasi manusia yang diamalkan di Barat.
Natijah daripada itu, melalui pertubuhan-pertubuhan Islam di Eropah dan Amerika Utara beberapa wacana dan dialog tentang UDHR dan hak asasi manusia menurut perspektif Islam diadakan secara meluas.

Kezaliman Shah Iran

Pada masa yang sama, kemuncak penindasan dan kekejaman Shah Iran sepanjang tahun 1970an telah mencetuskan kebangkitan yang lebih meluas dalam rangkaian ulama’ dan ahli-ahli akademik seluruh Iran. Persoalan utama yang ditimbulkan adalah tentang pencabulan hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan oleh Shah terhadap rakyat Iran.

Di pusat-pusat pengajian Islam di Qum dan Mashhad, golongan ayatullah dan hujjatulIslam menumpukan pengajian mereka secara perbandingan terhadap isu-isu hak asasi manusia terutamanya instrumen PBB yang dinamakan UDHR.
Kemuncak kezaliman Shah Iran juga menyaksikan solidariti di kalangan gerakan dan pertubuhan Islam, terutamanya di Eropah untuk menyokong Revolusi di Iran. Tanpa memperdulikan isu Sunni atau Syi’ah, solidariti ini wujud bukan sekadar retorik tetapi secara tulen bertujuan untuk menegakkan hak dan kebenaran.

Ruhullah Khomeini dan Revolusi di Iran

Kejayaan Revolusi Islam Iran yang diterajui oleh Ayatullah Ruhullah Khomeini pada tahun 1979 untuk menumbangkan Reza Shah Pahlavi membuka ruang yang lebih luas dalam penyelidikan dan wacana hak asasi manusia moden.
Halatuju yang ditempuh oleh Ayatullah Khomeini untuk melaksanakan struktur politik Republik Iran menurut sistem demokrasi berperlembagaan dalam rangka sebuah negara-bangsa turut menyuburkan lagi perjuangan dalam persoalan hak asasi manusia.

Seruan Ayatullah Khomeini agar jurang antara Sunni dan Syi’ah diketepikan dalam mendepani golongan mustakbirin, khasnya Amerika telah disambut baik oleh gerakan dan pertubuhan Islam khasnya di dunia Barat. Persoalan penentangan terhadap imperialisme menjadi agenda utama. Berdasarkan kesungguhan untuk menentang imperialisme ini juga telah membolehkan semua golongan termasuk Sunni dan Syi’ah berusaha mewujudkan kerjasama.

Kelahiran Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

Dalam satu persidangan yang dianjurkan oleh badan bukan kerajaan yang disertai oleh ulama’, fuqaha’, pakar undang-undang, ahli-ahli akademik, wakil-wakil gerakan Islam dan pertubuhan Islam, bernaung di atas nama Islamic Council of Europe, satu perisytiharan hak asasi manusia berdasarkan Islam telah diluluskan.

Perisytiharan ini dinamakan Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights atau UIDHR. Perisytiharan ini diluluskan pada 19 September 1981 bersamaan dengan 21 Zul Qaidah 1401.
Perisytiharan ini juga merupakan dokumen solidariti kedua yang dikeluarkan oleh Islamic Council of Europe selepas dokumen pertama, iaitu Universal Islamic Declaration diumumkan dalam Persidangan Antarabangsa Rasulullah s.a.w dan Risalahnya sempena menyambut ketibaan Abad ke-15 Hijrah pada 12–15 April 1980 di London.

Apa yang penting kedua-dua dokumen ini bertujuan untuk mewujudkan solidariti dunia Islam di tengah-tengah popularnya Revolusi Islam Iran bagi mewujudkan solidariti umat Islam sebagai respons kepada UDHR yang diperalatkan oleh kuasa-kuasa Barat, khasnya Amerika, bagi mempersoalkan rekod dan amalan hak asasi negara-negara lain terutamanya dunia Islam.

Teras kepada UIDHR adalah prinsip-prinsip hak asasi manusia yang digariskan oleh Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi dalam risalahnya Human Rights in Islam. Mengukuhkan idea Sayyid Abul A’la Al-Mawdudi adalah penulisan beberapa ayatullah dari Iran. Pendeknya, semasa diluluskan UIDHR merupakan satu dokumen yang mewakili kedua-dua pandangan Sunni dan Syi’ah dalam persoalan hak asasi manusia.

OIC dan Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

UIDHR adalah respons dan jawapan dunia Islam terhadap UDHR. Dengan sokongan Republik Islam Iran yang merupakan satu-satunya negara yang menyokong padu perisytiharan tersebut, usaha-usaha untuk memasyhurkan UIDHR semakin bertambah meluas.

Iran yang pada masa itu menjadi Pengerusi OIC, amat menyokong usaha-usaha untuk mencabar UDHR. Sebagai pengerusi OIC, pada tahu 1981 Iran telah mendesak agar UDHR disemak semula. Bahkan, Iran menegaskan bahawa UDHR adalah satu interpretasi sekular terhadap undang-undang Judeo-Christian yang tidak boleh digunapakai oleh mana-mana negara umat Islam.
Dalam kenyataannya ketika mempersoalkan UDHR, Iran menyatakan bahawa ia tidak memperakui sebarang autoriti atau kuasa selain daripada Allah Azzawajalla dan baginya tidak ada panduan perundangan selain daripada syariat Islam.

Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam yang diluluskan pada tahun 1990 adalah bersumber daripada versi UIDHR asal Islamic Council of Europe yang diluluskan pada 1981. CDHRI dan UIDHR mempunyai peruntukan-peruntukan yang sama dengan tajuk dan nombor sahaja yang berbeza.

The International Bill of Human Rights

Teras dan asas bagi konsep hak asasi manusia dalam konteks kontemporari adalah kepercayaan perihal keperibadian manusia dimartabatkan sebagai sesuatu yang sakral.
Kesakralan ini dianggap sebagai sarwajagat dan mutlak di kedua-dua peringkat idealisme dan konseptual. Asas ini melahirkan piagam-piagam antarabangsa yang terdiri daripada; The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR-1948), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR-1976) dan International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR-1976).
Ketiga-tiga dokumen ini dinamakan sebagai The International Bill of Human Rights dengan menggariskan apa yang dikatakan sebagai human dignity yang mana ianya mesti dihormati sepenuhnya.
This entry was published on Monday, July 9th, 2007 at 9:17 am and is categorized under Pak Abu Menulis. You can follow any responses to this entry through the magic of RSS 2.0. You can also leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

>>Blogspot - Islamic Declaration of human rights

2008-04-02T17:53:00.001-07:00

http://www.islamicdeclarationofhumanrights.blogspot.com/

>>Wordpress - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

2007-12-16T16:34:00.000-08:00

http://islamicdeclarationofhumanrights.wordpress.com/

>>Mailing Lists - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

2007-12-16T16:33:00.000-08:00

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/islamicdeclarationofhumanrights/

>>Email - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

2007-12-16T16:32:00.000-08:00

Email=

islamicdeclarationofhumanrights@yahoo.com

Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

2007-12-16T16:18:00.000-08:00

Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights
21 Dhul Qaidah 1401 19 September 1981
Contents
ForewordPreamble I Right to LifeII Right to FreedomIII Right to Equality and Prohibition Against Impermissible DiscriminationIV Right to JusticeV Right to Fair TrialVI Right to Protection Against Abuse of PowerVII Right to Protection Against TortureVIII Right to Protection of Honour and ReputationIX Right to AsylumX Rights of MinoritiesXI Right and Obligation to Participate in the Conduct and Management of Public AffairsXII Right to Freedom of Belief, Thought and SpeechXIII Right to Freedom of ReligionXIV Right to Free AssociationXV The Economic Order and the Rights Evolving TherefromXVI Right to Protection of PropertyXVII Status and Dignity of WorkersXVIII Right to Social SecurityXIX Right to Found a Family and Related MattersXX Rights of Married WomenXXI Right to EducationXXII Right of PrivacyXXIII Right to Freedom of Movement and ResidenceExplanatory NotesGlossary of Arabic TermsReferences
This is a declaration for mankind, a guidance and instruction to those who fear God. (Al Qur'an, Al-Imran 3:138)
Foreword
Islam gave to mankind an ideal code of human rights fourteen centuries ago. These rights aim at conferring honour and dignity on mankind and eliminating exploitation, oppression and injustice.
Human rights in Islam are firmly rooted in the belief that God, and God alone, is the Law Giver and the Source of all human rights. Due to their Divine origin, no ruler, government, assembly or authority can curtail or violate in any way the human rights conferred by God, nor can they be surrendered.
Human rights in Islam are an integral part of the overall Islamic order and it is obligatory on all Muslim governments and organs of society to implement them in letter and in spirit within the framework of that order.
It is unfortunate that human rights are being trampled upon with impunity in many countries of the world, including some Muslim countries. Such violations are a matter of serious concern and are arousing the conscience of more and more people throughout the world.
I sincerely hope that this Declaration of Human Rights will give a powerful impetus to the Muslim peoples to stand firm and defend resolutely and courageously the rights conferred on them by God.
This Declaration of Human Rights is the second fundamental document proclaimed by the Islamic Council to mark the beginning of the 15th Century of the Islamic era, the first being the Universal Islamic Declaration announced at the International Conference on The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his Message, held in London from 12 to 15 April 1980.
The Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights is based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah and has been compiled by eminent Muslim scholars, jurists and representatives of Islamic movements and thought. May God reward them all for their efforts and guide us along the right path.

Paris 21 Dhul Qaidah 1401 Salem Azzam19th September 1981 Secretary General

O men! Behold, We have created you all out of a male and a female, and have made you into nations and tribes, so that you might come to know one another. Verily, the noblest of you in the sight of God is the one who is most deeply conscious of Him. Behold, God is all-knowing, all aware.(Al Qur'an, Al-Hujurat 49:13)

Preamble
WHEREAS the age-old human aspiration for a just world order wherein people could live, develop and prosper in an environment free from fear, oppression, exploitation and deprivation, remains largely unfulfilled;
WHEREAS the Divine Mercy unto mankind reflected in its having been endowed with super-abundant economic sustenance is being wasted, or unfairly or unjustly withheld from the inhabitants of the earth;
WHEREAS Allah (God) has given mankind through His revelations in the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah of His Blessed Prophet Muhammad an abiding legal and moral framework within which to establish and regulate human institutions and relationships;
WHEREAS the human rights decreed by the Divine Law aim at conferring dignity and honour on mankind and are designed to eliminate oppression and injustice;
WHEREAS by virtue of their Divine source and sanction these rights can neither be curtailed, abrogated or disregarded by authorities, assemblies or other institutions, nor can they be surrendered or alienated;
Therefore we, as Muslims, who believe
a) in God, the Beneficent and Merciful, the Creator, the Sustainer, the Sovereign, the sole Guide of mankind and the Source of all Law;
b) in the Vicegerency (Khilafah) of man who has been created to fulfill the Will of God on earth;
c) in the wisdom of Divine guidance brought by the Prophets, whose mission found its culmination in the final Divine message that was conveyed by the Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) to all mankind;
d) that rationality by itself without the light of revelation from God can neither be a sure guide in the affairs of mankind nor provide spiritual nourishment to the human soul, and, knowing that the teachings of Islam represent the quintessence of Divine guidance in its final and perfect form, feel duty-bound to remind man of the high status and dignity bestowed on him by God;
e) in inviting all mankind to the message of Islam;
f) that by the terms of our primeval covenant with God our duties and obligations have priority over our rights, and that each one of us is under a bounden duty to spread the teachings of Islam by word, deed, and indeed in all gentle ways, and to make them effective not only in our individual lives but also in the society around us;
g) in our obligation to establish an Islamic order:
i) wherein all human beings shall be equal and none shall enjoy a privilege or suffer a disadvantage or discrimination by reason of race, colour, sex, origin or language;
ii) wherein all human beings are born free;
iii) wherein slavery and forced labour are abhorred;
iv) wherein conditions shall be established such that the institution of family shall be preserved, protected and honoured as the basis of all social life;
v) wherein the rulers and the ruled alike are subject to, and equal before, the Law;
vi) wherein obedience shall be rendered only to those commands that are in consonance with the Law;
vii) wherein all worldly power shall be considered as a sacred trust, to be exercised within the limits prescribed by the Law and in a manner approved by it, and with due regard for the priorities fixed by it;
viii) wherein all economic resources shall be treated as Divine blessings bestowed upon mankind, to be enjoyed by all in accordance with the rules and the values set out in the Qur’an and the Sunnah;
ix) wherein all public affairs shall be determined and conducted, and the authority to administer them shall be exercised after mutual consultation (Shura) between the believers qualified to contribute to a decision which would accord well with the Law and the public good;
x) wherein everyone shall undertake obligations proportionate to his capacity and shall be held responsible pro rata for his deeds;
xi) wherein everyone shall, in case of an infringement of his rights, be assured of appropriate remedial measures in accordance with the Law;
xii) wherein no one shall be deprived of the rights assured to him by the Law except by its authority and to the extent permitted by it;
xiii) wherein every individual shall have the right to bring legal action against anyone who commits a crime against society as a whole or against any of its members;
xiv) wherein every effort shall be made to
(a) secure unto mankind deliverance from every type of exploitation, injustice and oppression,
(b) ensure to everyone security, dignity and liberty in terms set out and by methods approved and within the limits set by the Law;
Do hereby, as servants of Allah and as members of the Universal Brotherhood of Islam, at the beginning of the Fifteenth Century of the Islamic Era, affirm our commitment to uphold the following inviolable and inalienable human rights that we consider are enjoined by Islam.
I Right to Life
a) Human life is sacred and inviolable and every effort shall be made to protect it. In particular no one shall be exposed to injury or death, except under the authority of the Law.
b) Just as in life, so also after death, the sanctity of a person's body shall be inviolable. It is the obligation of believers to see that a deceased person's body is handled with due solemnity.

II Right to Freedom
a) Man is born free. No inroads shall be made on his right to liberty except under the authority and in due process of the Law.
b) Every individual and every people has the inalienable right to freedom in all its forms¾ physical, cultural, economic and political — and shall be entitled to struggle by all available means against any infringement or abrogation of this right; and every oppressed individual or people has a legitimate claim to the support of other individuals and/or peoples in such a struggle.

III Right to Equality and Prohibition Against Impermissible Discrimination
a) All persons are equal before the Law and are entitled to equal opportunities and protection of the Law.
b) All persons shall be entitled to equal wage for equal work.
c ) No person shall be denied the opportunity to work or be discriminated against in any manner or exposed to greater physical risk by reason of religious belief, colour, race, origin, sex or language.

IV Right to Justice
a) Every person has the right to be treated in accordance with the Law, and only in accordance with the Law.
b) Every person has not only the right but also the obligation to protest against injustice; to recourse to remedies provided by the Law in respect of any unwarranted personal injury or loss; to self-defence against any charges that are preferred against him and to obtain fair adjudication before an independent judicial tribunal in any dispute with public authorities or any other person.
c) It is the right and duty of every person to defend the rights of any other person and the community in general (Hisbah).
d) No person shall be discriminated against while seeking to defend private and public rights.
e) It is the right and duty of every Muslim to refuse to obey any command which is contrary to the Law, no matter by whom it may be issued.

V Right to Fair Trial
a) No person shall be adjudged guilty of an offence and made liable to punishment except after proof of his guilt before an independent judicial tribunal.
b) No person shall be adjudged guilty except after a fair trial and after reasonable opportunity for defence has been provided to him.
c) Punishment shall be awarded in accordance with the Law, in proportion to the seriousness of the offence and with due consideration of the circumstances under which it was committed.
d) No act shall be considered a crime unless it is stipulated as such in the clear wording of the Law.
e) Every individual is responsible for his actions. Responsibility for a crime cannot be vicariously extended to other members of his family or group, who are not otherwise directly or indirectly involved in the commission of the crime in question.

VI Right to Protection Against Abuse of Power
Every person has the right to protection against harassment by official agencies. He is not liable to account for himself except for making a defence to the charges made against him or where he is found in a situation wherein a question regarding suspicion of his involvement in a crime could be reasonably raised

VII Right to Protection Against Torture
No person shall be subjected to torture in mind or body, or degraded, or threatened with injury either to himself or to anyone related to or held dear by him, or forcibly made to confess to the commission of a crime, or forced to consent to an act which is injurious to his interests.

VIII Right to Protection of Honour and Reputation
Every person has the right to protect his honour and reputation against calumnies, groundless charges or deliberate attempts at defamation and blackmail.

IX Right to Asylum
a) Every persecuted or oppressed person has the right to seek refuge and asylum. This right is guaranteed to every human being irrespective of race, religion, colour and sex.
b) Al Masjid Al Haram (the sacred house of Allah) in Mecca is a sanctuary for all Muslims.
X Rights of Minorities
a) The Qur'anic principle "There is no compulsion in religion" shall govern the religious rights of non-Muslim minorities.
b) In a Muslim country religious minorities shall have the choice to be governed in respect of their civil and personal matters by Islamic Law, or by their own laws.

XI Right and Obligation to Participate in the Conduct and Management of Public Affairs
a) Subject to the Law, every individual in the community (Ummah) is entitled to assume public office.
b) Process of free consultation (Shura) is the basis of the administrative relationship between the government and the people. People also have the right to choose and remove their rulers in accordance with this principle.

XII Right to Freedom of Belief, Thought and Speech
a) Every person has the right to express his thoughts and beliefs so long as he remains within the limits prescribed by the Law. No one, however, is entitled to disseminate falsehood or to circulate reports which may outrage public decency, or to indulge in slander, innuendo or to cast defamatory aspersions on other persons.
b) Pursuit of knowledge and search after truth is not only a right but a duty of every Muslim.
c) It is the right and duty of every Muslim to protest and strive (within the limits set out by the Law) against oppression even if it involves challenging the highest authority in the state.
d) There shall be no bar on the dissemination of information provided it does not endanger the security of the society or the state and is confined within the limits imposed by the Law.
e) No one shall hold in contempt or ridicule the religious beliefs of others or incite public hostility against them; respect for the religious feelings of others is obligatory on all Muslims.

XIII Right to Freedom of Religion
Every person has the right to freedom of conscience and worship in accordance with his religious beliefs.

XIV Right to Free Association
a) Every person is entitled to participate individually and collectively in the religious, social, cultural and political life of his community and to establish institutions and agencies meant to enjoin what is right (ma'roof) and to prevent what is wrong (munkar).
b) Every person is entitled to strive for the establishment of institutions whereunder an enjoyment of these rights would be made possible. Collectively, the community is obliged to establish conditions so as to allow its members full development of their personalities.

XV The Economic Order and the Rights Evolving Therefrom
a) In their economic pursuits, all persons are entitled to the full benefits of nature and all its resources. These are blessings bestowed by God for the benefit of mankind as a whole.
b) All human beings are entitled to earn their living according to the Law.
c) Every person is entitled to own property individually or in association with others. State ownership of certain economic resources in the public interest is legitimate.
d) The poor have the right to a prescribed share in the wealth of the rich, as fixed by Zakah, levied and collected in accordance with the Law.
e) All means of production shall be utilised in the interest of the community (Ummah) as a whole, and may not be neglected or misused.
f) In order to promote the development of a balanced economy and to protect society from exploitation, Islamic Law forbids monopolies, unreasonable restrictive trade practices, usury, the use of coercion in the making of contracts and the publication of misleading advertisements.
g) All economic activities are permitted provided they are not detrimental to the interests of the community(Ummah) and do not violate Islamic laws and values.

XVI Right to Protection of Property
No property may be expropriated except in the public interest and on payment of fair and adequate compensation.

XVII Status and Dignity of Workers
Islam honours work and the worker and enjoins Muslims not only to treat the worker justly but also generously. He is not only to be paid his earned wages promptly, but is also entitled to adequate rest and leisure.
XVIII Right to Social Security
Every person has the right to food, shelter, clothing, education and medical care consistent with the resources of the community. This obligation of the community extends in particular to all individuals who cannot take care of themselves due to some temporary or permanent disability.

XIX Right to Found a Family and Related Matters
a) Every person is entitled to marry, to found a family and to bring up children in conformity with his religion, traditions and culture. Every spouse is entitled to such rights and privileges and carries such obligations as are stipulated by the Law.
b) Each of the partners in a marriage is entitled to respect and consideration from the other.
c) Every husband is obligated to maintain his wife and children according to his means.
d) Every child has the right to be maintained and properly brought up by its parents, it being forbidden that children are made to work at an early age or that any burden is put on them which would arrest or harm their natural development.
e) If parents are for some reason unable to discharge their obligations towards a child it becomes the responsibility of the community to fulfill these obligations at public expense.
f) Every person is entitled to material support, as well as care and protection, from his family during his childhood, old age or incapacity. Parents are entitled to material support as well as care and protection from their children.
g) Motherhood is entitled to special respect, care and assistance on the part of the family and the public organs of the community (Ummah).
h) Within the family, men and women are to share in their obligations and responsibilities according to their sex, their natural endowments, talents and inclinations, bearing in mind their common responsibilities toward their progeny and their relatives.
i) No person may be married against his or her will, or lose or suffer dimunition of legal personality on account of marriage.

XX Rights of Married Women
Every married woman is entitled to:
a) live in the house in which her husband lives;
b) receive the means necessary for maintaining a standard of living which is not inferior to that of her spouse, and, in the event of divorce, receive during the statutory period of waiting (iddah) means of maintenance commensurate with her husband's resources, for herself as well as for the children she nurses or keeps, irrespective of her own financial status, earnings, or property that she may hold in her own rights;
c) seek and obtain dissolution of marriage (Khul'a) in accordance with the terms of the Law. This right is in addition to her right to seek divorce through the courts.
d) inherit from her husband, her parents, her children and other relatives according to the Law;
e) strict confidentiality from her spouse, or ex-spouse if divorced, with regard to any information that he may have obtained about her, the disclosure of which could prove detrimental to her interests. A similar responsibility rests upon her in respect of her spouse or ex-spouse.

XXI Right to Education
a) Every person is entitled to receive education in accordance with his natural capabilities.
b) Every person is entitled to a free choice of profession and career and to the opportunity for the full development of his natural endowments.

XXII Right of Privacy
Every person is entitled to the protection of his privacy.

XXIII Right to Freedom of Movement and Residence
a) In view of the fact that the World of Islam is veritably Ummah Islamia, every Muslim shall have the right to freely move in and out of any Muslim country.
b) No one shall be forced to leave the country of his residence, or be arbitrarily deported therefrom without recourse to due process of Law.
Explanatory Notes
1 In the above formulation of Human Rights, unless the context provides otherwise:
a) the term 'person' refers to both the male and female sexes.
b) the term 'Law' denotes the Shari'ah, i.e. the totality of ordinances derived from the Qur'an and the Sunnah and any other laws that are deduced from these two sources by methods considered valid in Islamic jurisprudence.
2 Each one of the Human Rights enunciated in this declaration carries a corresponding duty.
3 In the exercise and enjoyment of the rights referred to above every person shall be subject only to such limitations as are enjoined by the Law for the purpose of securing the due recognition of, and respect for, the rights and the freedom of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare of the Community (Ummah).
The Arabic text of this Declaration is the original.

Glossary of Arabic Terms
SUNNAH - The example or way of life of the Prophet (peace be upon him), embracing what he said, did or agreed to.
KHALIFAH - The vicegerency of man on earth or succession to the Prophet, transliterated into English as the Caliphate.
HISBAH- Public vigilance, an institution of the Islamic State enjoined to observe and facilitate the fulfillment of right norms of public behaviour. The "Hisbah" consists in public vigilance as well as an opportunity to private individuals to seek redress through it.
MA'ROOF - Good act.
MUNKAR - Reprehensible deed.
ZAKAH - The 'purifying' tax on wealth, one of the five pillars of Islam obligatory on Muslims.
'IDDAH - The waiting period of a widowed or divorced woman during which she is not to re-marry.
KHUL'A - Divorce a woman obtains at her own request.
UMMAH ISLAMIA - World Muslim community.
SHARI'AH - Islamic law.

References
Note: The Roman numerals refer to the topics in the text. The Arabic numerals refer to the Chapter and the Verse of the Qur'an, i.e. 5:32 means Chapter 5, Verse 32.
I 1 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:32 2 Hadith narrated by Muslim, Abu Daud,Tirmidhi, Nasai 3 Hadith narrated by Bukhari
II 4 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 5 Sayings of Caliph Umar 6 Qur'an As-Shura 42:41 7 Qur'an Al-Hajj 22:41
III 8 From the Prophet's address 9 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 10 From the address of Caliph Abu Bakr 11 From the Prophet's farewell address 12 Qur'an Al-Ahqaf 46:19 13 Hadith narrated by Ahmad 14 Qur'an Al-Mulk 67:15 15 Qur'an Al-Zalzalah 99:7-8
IV 16 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:59 17 Qur 'an Al-Maidah 5:49 18 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:148 19 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidhi 20 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 2l Hadith narrated by Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmdhi, Nasai 22 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 23 Hadith narrated by Abu Daud, Tirmidhi 24 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 25 Hadith narrated by Bukhari
V 26 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 27 Qur'an Al-Isra 17:15 28 Qur'an Al-Ahzab 33:5 29 Qur'an Al-Hujurat 49:6 30 Qur’an An-Najm 53:28 31 Qur’an Al Baqarah 2:229 32 Hadith narrated by Al Baihaki, Hakim 33 Qur’an Al-Isra 17:15 34 Qur’an At-Tur 52:21 35 Qur'an Yusuf 12:79
VI 36 Qur'an Al Ahzab 33:58
VII 37 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 38 Hadith narrated by Ibn Majah
VIII 39 From the Prophet's farewell address 40 Qur'an Al-Hujurat 49:12 41 Qur'an Al-Hujurat 49:11
IX 42 Qur'an At-Tawba 9:6 43 Qur'an Al-Imran 3:97 44 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:125 45 Qur'an Al-Hajj 22:25
X 46 Qur’an Al Baqarah 2:256 47 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:42 48 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:43 49 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:47
XI 50 Qur'an As-Shura 42:38 51 Hadith narated by Ahmad 52 From the address of Caliph Abu Bakr
XII 53 Qur'an Al-Ahzab 33:60-61 54 Qur'an Saba 34:46 55 Hadith narrated by Tirmidhi, Nasai 56 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:83 57 Qur'an Al-Anam 6:108
XIII 58 Qur'an Al Kafirun 109:6
XIV 59 Qur'an Yusuf 12:108 60 Qur'an Al-Imran 3:104 61 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:2 62 Hadith narrated by Abu Daud, Tirmidhi,Nasai, Ibn Majah
XV 63 Qur'an Al-Maidah 5:120 64 Qur'an Al-Jathiyah 45:13 65 Qur'an Ash-Shuara 26:183 66 Qur'an Al-Isra 17:20 67 Qur'an Hud 11:6 68 Qur'an Al-Mulk 67:15 69 Qur'an An-Najm 53:48 70 Qur'an Al-Hashr 59:9 71 Qur'an Al-Maarij 70:24-25 72 Sayings of Caliph Abu Bakr 73 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 74 Hadith narrated by Muslim 75 Hadith narrated by Muslim, Abu Daud,Tirmidhi, Nasai 76 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 77 Qur'an Al-Mutaffifin 83:1-3 78 Hadith narrated by Muslim 79 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:275 80 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim,Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai
XVI 81 Qur'an Al Baqarah 2:188 82 Hadith narrated by Bukhari 83 Hadith narrated by Muslim 84 Hadith narrated by Muslim, Tirmidhi
XVII 85 Qur'an At-Tawbah 9:105 86 Hadith narrated by Abu Yala¾ Majma Al Zawaid 87 Hadith narrated by Ibn Majah 88 Qur'an Al-Ahqaf 46:19 89 Qur'an At-Tawbah 9:105 90 Hadith narrated by Tabarani¾ Majma Al Zawaid 91 Hadith narrated by Bukhari
XVIII 92 Qur'an Al-Ahzab 33:6
XIX 93 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:1 94 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:228 95 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim,Abu Daud, Tirmidhi, Nasai 96 Qur'an Ar-Rum 30:21 97 Qur'an At-Talaq 65:7 98 Qur'an Al-Isra 17:24 99 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim,Abu Daud, Tirmidhi 100 Hadith narrated by Abu Daud 101 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 102 Hadith narrated by Abu Daud, Tirmidhi 103 Hadith narrated by Ahmad, Abu Daud
XX 104 Qur'an At-Talaq 65:6 105 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:34 106 Qur'an At-Talaq 65:6 107 Qur'an AtTalaq 65:6 108 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:229 109 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:12 110 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:237
XXI 111 Qur'an Al-Isra 17:23-24 112 Hadith narrated by Ibn Majah 113 Qur'an Al-Imran 3:187 114 From the Prophet's farewell address 115 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim 116 Hadith narrated by Bukhari, Muslim,Abu Daud, Tirmidhi
XXII 117 Hadith narrated by Muslim 118 Qur'an Al-Hujurat 49:12 119 Hadith narrated by Abu Daud, Tirmidhi
XXIII 120 Qur'an Al-Mulk 67:15 121 Qur'an Al-Anam 6:11 122 Qur'an An-Nisa 4:97 123 Qur'an Al-Baqarah 2:217 124 Qur'an Al-Hashr 59:9
Published by: Islamic Council, 16 Grosvenor Crescent, London SW1Telephone: 01-2359832Telex: 894240ISLAMI GCables: ISLAMIAH London, SWI

Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

=Dutch Muslim Broadcasting Association - google

=Creativecommons-licenses

=Ata Khan

=Wikipedia - Fitna

Contents

Release

Plot

Themes

The Qur'an and Terror

The Qur'an as a Means for Islamic Universalism

Islam and the Netherlands

Suras

Salah Edin

Reaction prior to the release

In the Netherlands

In other countries

Pakistan YouTube ban

Network Solutions website suspension

Reaction after the release

In the Netherlands

In other countries

Middle East

Southeast Asia

Europe

See also

References

External links

= United Nations Resolution,fitna - google

=PM Jan Peter Balkenend,fitna - google

=MUI Menyanyangkan & Menyesalkan Film Fitna

=RI Kecam Film Fitna yang Menghina Agama

=Website MUI

=Fitna,MUI _ Google

=PM Belanda Tolak Film anti Islam

=Islam didiskreditkan media dunia, PBB Keluarkan Resolusi

=Islamic Council of Europe's 'A model of an Islamic Constitution'

=Islamic Council of Europe,website - google

= Address: ISLAMIC COUNCIL OF EUROPE

= Islamic Council of Europe = google

= Islamic human rights

>>Blogspot - Islamic Declaration of human rights

>>Wordpress - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

>>Mailing Lists - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

>>Email - Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights

Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights